Category: Health Insurance

The specific number of patients allowed in either a Partial Hospitalization (PHP) or Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP) for behavioral health can vary depending on the state, program, facility, and the resources available.

However, there is no universally fixed limit on the number of patients that can participate in an IOP. Generally, state insurance agencies nor insurance carriers do not have a requirement.

Here is what we will try to answer:

1. How many patients are allowed to be in PHP/IOP together?

2. Is reimbursement higher for per diem or per session?

2. Can S9480 ever be billed on a CMS 1500 without the revenue code or must it always be on UB04?

3. A little clarity on how to bill using the S9480 code…for example if a program had 3 patients in treatment and they met for 3 hours a day 3 days a week. What would that look like in terms of insurance billing?

There are a lot of variables to insurance billing, each policy of a plan needs to be vetted and checked for limitations and criteria

The capacity and census of a PHP/IOP can depend on factors such as the size of the facility, the staffing levels, the treatment philosophy, and the specific needs of the patients. Some PHPs/IOPs may have smaller groups with fewer patients to allow for more individualized attention and a more intimate therapeutic environment. In contrast, others may accommodate larger groups if they have the resources to support it.

Although the reimbursement rate for IOP (S9480) should not be the same as individual, family, group therapy (90837/90847/90853) because it’s per diem and these codes add up to the same clinical hours to be about 3 hours a day, reimbursement is sometimes equal. Many insurance carriers do not allow for multiple services for therapy to be billed on the same day regardless of modifiers that can be used to specify this. Providers must bill for the actual services provided essentially.

S9480 will generally be billed on UB04 since it is a per diem fee although some insurance carriers that carve out with UHC will require HCFA/CMS 1500. It is unlikely, but there could be a published list of those requiring S9480 be billed HCFA/CMS 1500.

Insurance carriers often are not allowed to inform providers how to bill or which codes to use, unfortunately.

Carriers change billing requirements often, and finding up-to-date information on specific insurance carriers and their billing requirements can be challenging. Each insurance carrier may have their own policies and guidelines regarding billing procedures, including which forms should be used for specific services.

To obtain accurate and current information on insurance carriers that require S9480 (which appears to be a Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System code for PHP/IOP Psychiatric Services) to be billed on the HCFA and CMS 1500 forms, we can help, and recommend reaching out to the specific insurance companies or consulting the provider manuals and billing guidelines provided by those carriers.

Is it possible to submit claims for 90837, 90847, or 90853 along with IOP services?

Normally 90853 is not separated out from IOP per diem claims. Some of the below codes are what Medicare has suggested previously for IOP.

$20 per claim is the Medicare average on occasion because there are normally multiple patients being able to receive benefits in the group for that same service. So theoretically, as medicare and other carriers see this, the provider is being reimbursed for 8-20 patients for the same group 90853 service.

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) publish the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) every year, which includes the current procedural terminology (CPT) codes and reimbursement rates for various medical services, including intensive outpatient programs (IOP) for substance abuse.

However, the reimbursement rates may vary based on factors such as geographic location, individual patient characteristics, and other circumstances. It is recommended that you contact Medicare or consult with a healthcare billing professional for more specific information.

That being said, here are some CPT codes commonly used for IOP for substance abuse treatment that Medicare may accept:

H0015: Alcohol and/or drug services; intensive outpatient (treatment program that operates at least 3 hours/day and at least 3 days/week and is based on an individualized treatment plan), including assessment, counseling; crisis intervention, and activity therapies or education

H0016: Alcohol and/or drug services; intensive outpatient (treatment program that operates at least 6 hours/day and is based on an individualized treatment plan), including assessment, counseling; crisis intervention, and activity therapies or education

H0017: Alcohol and/or drug services; intensive outpatient (treatment program that operates less than 3 hours/day and less than 5 days/week), including assessment, counseling; crisis intervention, and activity therapies or education

Please let us know any questions!

How is this indicated on the claim form?

S9840 is a Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) code used for telehealth services. However, whether or not insurance allows reimbursement for S9480 via telehealth will depend on the specific insurance plan and policy.

To indicate that the service was provided via telehealth on the claim form, you would need to use the appropriate modifier. The modifier for telehealth services is GT, which should be appended to the procedure code (S9480) when billing for telehealth services.

It is important to note that not all insurance plans cover tele-health and even those that do may have specific requirements or limitations. Therefore, it is recommended that you check with the insurance provider or consult the policy documentation to verify coverage and any necessary documentation or requirements for reimbursement.

H0001 and 90791 are two different procedure codes used in mental health services.

H0001 is a HCPCS code used for substance abuse assessment and counseling services. This code is used to bill for substance abuse counseling and treatment services, such as assessments, individual and group counseling sessions, and case management services. H0001 is typically used in the context of substance abuse treatment programs, where the focus is on treating addiction and related issues.

On the other hand, 90791 is a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code used for psychiatric diagnostic evaluation. This code is used to bill for initial psychiatric evaluations, where a clinician assesses a patient’s mental health condition, medical history, and related factors to arrive at a diagnosis and treatment plan. 90791 is typically used in the context of mental health treatment, where the focus is on addressing a wide range of mental health conditions.

Therefore, you would bill H0001 when providing substance abuse assessment and counseling services, and 90791 when providing psychiatric diagnostic evaluation services for mental health conditions. It’s important to note that the appropriate code to use may depend on the specific services provided and the requirements of the payer. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to consult with the payer or a coding specialist to ensure that you are billing the appropriate code for the services provided.

One common code for non-intensive outpatient groups for Mental Health or insurance billing for Substance Abuse diagnoses is CPT code 90853.

This code is used to bill for group psychotherapy services, which involve treating two or more patients in a group setting.

To use this code for insurance billing for substance abuse, the mental health provider must conduct a group therapy session that is typically around 60 minutes in length. During the session, the provider works with the group members to address mental health concerns, such as depression, anxiety, or substance use disorders.

It’s important to note that the use of this code is typically limited to certain mental health diagnoses, such as those listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Additionally, insurance companies may have specific requirements or limitations on the use of this code, so it’s always best to check with the patient’s insurance provider before submitting a claim.

Here is the common mistake, not adding the correct modifier. Often times it could possibly be done to use modifier 59 to do 2 groups on the same day, however most carriers don’t allow for the same code on the same day.

Again, The billing code for non-intensive outpatient group therapy for mental health diagnoses is known as CPT code 90853. This code is used to bill for group therapy sessions that are conducted in an outpatient setting, and the therapy is provided by a licensed mental health professional, such as a psychologist, social worker, or counselor.

CPT code 90853 is used for group therapy sessions that typically last for about an hour and are attended by several patients with similar mental health issues. These therapy sessions may focus on a specific mental health diagnosis or issue, such as depression, anxiety, or addiction.

When billing for non-intensive outpatient group therapy using CPT code 90853, the mental health professional must provide documentation that includes the date and duration of the session, the number of patients in attendance, the diagnosis or issue addressed during the session, and a description of the therapy provided.

It’s important to note that insurance coverage for mental health services varies by plan, so it’s important to verify coverage and reimbursement rates before billing for services. Additionally, mental health professionals should be familiar with the specific requirements and guidelines for billing and documentation set forth by insurance companies and regulatory agencies.

Substance abuse treatment is an important aspect of healthcare that helps individuals overcome addiction and lead healthier, more fulfilling lives. However, the cost of treatment can be a barrier for many people, which is where insurance comes in. Insurance can help cover the cost of treatment, making it more accessible to those in need.

Further, the process of billing insurance for substance abuse treatment can be complex and confusing.

Here is an overview of substance abuse insurance billing and what you need to know:

Check your coverage: The first step in substance abuse insurance billing is to check your insurance policy to see what is covered. Most insurance plans will cover some or all of the cost of substance abuse treatment, but it’s important to understand the specifics of your coverage. This includes the type of treatment covered, the amount of coverage, and any exclusions or limitations.
Choose an in-network provider: To get the most out of your insurance coverage, it’s best to choose an in-network provider. These providers have agreed to accept the insurance company’s payment rates, which can help lower your out-of-pocket costs.
Gather documentation: In order to bill your insurance for substance abuse treatment, you will need to provide documentation of your treatment. This may include receipts, treatment plans, and progress reports. It’s important to keep thorough records of your treatment to ensure that your insurance claim is processed correctly.
Submit a claim: Once you have all of the necessary documentation, you can submit a claim to your insurance company. This can typically be done online or by mailing in a paper form. Be sure to include all relevant documentation with your claim.
Follow up on your claim: It’s important to follow up on your insurance claim to ensure that it has been processed and that you are receiving the coverage you are entitled to. If you have any issues with your claim, you can contact your insurance company or provider for assistance.

Once an individual has chosen a treatment facility, the facility will typically handle the billing process on their behalf. This may include verifying insurance coverage, submitting claims, and negotiating with the insurance provider on behalf of the individual. It is important for individuals to stay informed about the status of their billing and to address any issues or discrepancies that may arise.

There are several factors that can impact an individual’s substance abuse insurance billing, including the type and length of treatment received, the specific services provided, and the individual’s insurance coverage. It is important for individuals seeking treatment to be proactive in understanding their insurance coverage and working with their treatment facility to ensure that they receive the coverage they are entitled to.

Overall, substance abuse insurance billing can be a complex and confusing process, but it is an important aspect of seeking treatment for substance abuse. By understanding their insurance coverage and working closely with their treatment facility, individuals can help ensure that they receive the coverage they need to support their recovery journey.

Insurance is an important step in getting treatment for those in need. By understanding your coverage, choosing an in-network provider, and submitting a complete and accurate claim, you can help ensure that you get the coverage you are entitled to.

Get Quicker Access to Payments from UHC/OPTUM… Is this true?

Is this true from UHC?

To speed up payments to your practice, UnitedHealthcare is phasing out paper checks and moving to digital transactions, where not prohibited by law.

You’ll need to choose between two options for receiving payment from UnitedHealthcare – ACH/direct deposit or virtual card payments. Both of these are facilitated by Optum Pay on behalf of UnitedHealthcare.

If your practice/health care organization is already enrolled and receiving claim payments through ACH/direct deposit, there is no action you need to take.

https://www.cmadocs.org/newsroom/news/view/ArticleId/48988/UnitedHealthcare-moving-exclusively-to-electronic-payments

The California Medical Association (CMA) has learned that UnitedHealthcare (UHC direct pay issue) is in the process of discontinuing physician payments via paper checks and will instead require both contracted and non-contracted physicians to receive payment via automated clearinghouse (ACH)/direct deposit or through virtual credit card payments.

The change, first communicated in UHC’s March 2020 Network Bulletin, was originally planned to be rolled out in phases beginning in mid-2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the rollout of the program was delayed.

UHC has since announced in its August 2020 Network Bulletin that the program will move forward with a phased rollout beginning with its commercial line of business starting in August 2020. UHC Medicare Advantage and Community and State (Medicaid) Plans will follow with rollouts slated for fall 2020 and early 2021.

UHC will be publicizing the change to both contracted and noncontracted physicians, who will be directed to sign up for ACH/direct deposit through Optum Pay or via the UHCprovider.com/payment website. Physicians who do not elect to sign up for ACH/direct deposit will automatically be signed up to receive virtual credit card payments in place of paper checks.

Physicians with questions or concerns, or that need to request a hardship exemption from this policy, should contact their UHC Provider Service Advocate or UHC at (877) 842-3210 for more information.

What is a virtual credit card?

With the virtual credit card (VCC) payment method, payors send credit card payment information and instructions to physicians, who process the payments using standard credit card technology.

This method is beneficial to payors, but costly for physicians. Health plans often receive cash-back incentives from credit card companies for VCC transactions. Meanwhile, VCC payments are subject to transaction and interchange fees, which are borne by the physician practice and can run as high as 5%per transaction for physician practices. Physicians can avoid these interchange fees by enrolling in ACH/direct deposit.

What to do on the UHC direct pay issue?

This all depends on the business set up and values of your institution. This can cause major problems for some programs and be slightly beneficial to others. Below is an exert from the specialty benefits form for UHC:

“I authorize UnitedHealthcare Specialty Benefits to direct the net amount of my benefit payment to be deposited directly by electronic funds transfer and credited to my account as indicated at the financial institution designated below. If any payments made are dated after the date of my death, I hereby authorize and direct the said financial institution on my behalf and on behalf of my executors or administrators to refund any such payments to UnitedHealthcare Specialty Benefits and to charge the same to my account.”

The form does not have all the disclaimers that could possibly affect your group/facility or your providers.

Direct-Deposit-Form-STD-LTD-DI Download

Claims Department
Direct Deposit Agreement
For Payment of Benefit to Financial Institution

Here is what UHC says the benefits are for ACH

Automated Clearing House (ACH) /direct deposit

We recommend ACH because it’s the quickest form of payment available and there are no fees for the service.
Payments can be routed by both the tax ID number (TIN) and National Provider Identifier (NPI) number level.
Enrollment generally takes less than 10 minutes. You will need to provide your current bank account information.
Funds are deposited directly in to your bank account – there are no paper checks or remittance information to lose or misplace.

Here is what UHC says the benefits are for Virtual Card Payment (VCP)

If you don’t enroll in ACH, in most instances you’ll receive a virtual card payment from Optum Pay. VCPs are electronic payments that use credit card technology to process claim payments. There is no requirement to share bank account information.
A 16‐digit, single-use virtual card will be issuedopen_in_new for payment (single or multiple claims). You’ll receive a VCP in the mail; for quicker access, you can view the VCP statement in Document Library.
Each VCP is issued for the full amount of the claim payment. However, VCPs are subject to additional terms and conditions, including fees, between you and your card service processor.
You can enroll in ACH even after receiving a VCP. However, ACH will only apply to future payments and can’t be applied to previous payments.

We can help navigate if this is something that would benefit any behavioral health institution

Find out how insurance billing works for RTC, PHP, IOP substance abuse and mental health.

Insurance Billing 101

What is a clearinghouse?

A clearinghouse is connected to various insurance companies. Our software sends claims to the clearinghouse where they are basically checked (scrubbed). If the claim passes the scrub it is then forwarded to the insurance company or another clearinghouse if our clearinghouse is not connected to the insurance company. (this has to do with security) The insurance company will do 1 of 2 options accept or reject. If accepted the claim will process and return to the clearinghouse with an ERA which will come back to Practice Suite. There are a few exceptions to ERA’s coming back the biggest one BCBS you will probably not see an ERA from them.

The clearinghouse we use with Practice Suite is RelayHealth. They have been bought by Emdeon and they are now known as Change Healthcare. Relay uses a 4 digit CPID NOT a 5 digit payer ID. Even though they are Change they still use the existing Relay structure.

We also use Office Ally and Availity.

Availity is BCBS preferred clearinghouse.

What is a payer ID? CPID (Claim Payer IDentification)?

A payer ID is a routing number, or address. Tells the clearinghouse where to send the claim like a bank sends a check. Emdeon uses 5 digit Payer Id the most common. This is the # that most insurances will give as their payor id. RelayHealth made their own CPID for their system. This is a 4 digit number.

So basically if you put in a 5 digit payer ID in the insurance set up instead of the 4 digit CPID the claim will not go anywhere. It is like trying to cash a check from a bank at a credit union.

Relay has two types of CPID’s for Institutional claims (UB04) and different CPID’s for professional claims HCFA/CMS 1500. Relay has a conversion search engine within their portal to translate payor id to CPID.

What is a UB04?

This is an institutional claim form. (used for facilities our most common claim right now)

The UB-04 form is a form that any institutional provider can use for the billing of medical and mental health claims. The UB-04 uniform billing form is on white standard paper with red ink, which is used by institutional providers for claim billing.

What is a HCFA 1500 (hick fa)? CMS 1500?

This is a professional claim (used for providers, for Florida’s weirdness and UHC IOP and ROP claims).

What is the Healthcare Financing Administration (HCFA) form in Medical Billing?

… The HCFA is paper form, also known as the CMS-1500 form, and the Professional Paper Claim Form, is used for reimbursement from various government insurance plans including Medicare, Medicaid and Tricare.

What is an ERA?

This is an Electronic Remittance Advice. Also known as a Remit or Remittance. It is the electronic form of the Explanation of Benefits (EOB) this tells us how the claim processed.

What is a Revenue Code?

The revenue code tells an insurance company where the procedure was performed.

What is a HCPCS / CPT Code (Hick Picks)?

The Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS, often pronounced by its acronym as “hick picks”) is a set of health care procedure codes based on the American Medical Association’s Current Procedural Terminology (CPT).

What is the difference between HCPCS and CPT?

HCPCS has its own coding guidelines and works hand in hand with CPT. HCPCS includes three separate levels of codes: Level I codes consist of the AMA’s CPT codes and is numeric. Level II codes are the HCPCS alphanumeric code set and primarily include non-physician products, supplies, and procedures not included in CPT.

What is a Type of Bill?

This four-digit alphanumeric code provides three specific pieces of information after a leading zero. CMS ignores the leading zero. This three-digit alphanumeric code gives three specific pieces of information.

First Digit = Leading zero. Ignored by CMS
Second Digit = Type of facility
Third Digit = Type of care
Fourth Digit = Sequence of this bill in this episode of care. Referred to as a “frequency” code

What does ICD 10 CM stand for?

The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD–10–CM) is a system used by physicians and other healthcare providers to classify and code all diagnoses, symptoms and procedures recorded in conjunction with hospital care in the United States.

What is a Revenue Code? Revenue codes tell insurance companies the type of services patients received, the types of supplies used and the department in which services were rendered. For example, a charge for an emergency room visit for urgent care would carry revenue code 0456.

What is ROI?

Release of information (ROI) in healthcare is critical to the quality of the continuity of care provided to the patient. It also plays an important role in billing, reporting, research, and other functions. Many laws and regulations govern how, when, what, and to whom protected health information is released.

How long is an authorization to release information good for?

an expiration date or an expiration event that relates to the individual or the purpose of the use or disclosure. HIPAA does not impose any specific time limit on authorizations. For example, an authorization could state that it is good for 30 days, 90 days or even for 2 years.

What is HIPAA?

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996) is United States legislation that provides data privacy and security provisions for safeguarding medical information.

What kind of personally identifiable health information is protected by HIPAA Privacy Rule?

The Privacy Rule protects all “individually identifiable health information” held or transmitted by a covered entity or its business associate, in any form or media, whether electronic, paper, or oral. The Privacy Rule calls this information “protected health information (PHI).”

What is considered personal health information?

Protected health information (PHI), also referred to as personal health information, generally refers to demographic information, medical histories, test and laboratory results, mental health conditions, insurance information, and other data that a healthcare professional collects to identify an individual and ..

What is the difference between PII and PHI?

HIPAA uses the term Protected Health Information (PHI) to refer to protected data, but the concept is very similar to the term Personally Identifiable Information (PII), which is used in other compliance regimes. … PHI includes anything used in a medical context that can identify patients, such as: Name.

What penalties can occur by violating HIPAA?

What is the penalty for a HIPAA violation? HIPAA violations are expensive. The penalties for noncompliance are based on the level of negligence and can range from $100 to $50,000 per violation (or per record), with a maximum penalty of $1.5 million per year for violations of an identical provision.

Can you go to jail for HIPAA violation?

Like the HIPAA civil penalties, there are different levels of severity for criminal violations. The minimum penalty is $50,000 and up to one year in jail. Violations committed under false pretenses require a penalty of $100,000 and up to five years in prison.

How can HIPAA violations be prevented?

7 Ways Employees Can Help Prevent HIPAA Violations

Be educated and continually informed. …
Maintain possession of mobile devices. …
Enable encryptions and firewalls. …
Double check that files are correctly stored. …
Properly dispose of paper files. …
Keep anything with patient information out of the public’s eye. …
Use social media wisely.

Definition of demographics: Specific demographic factors which identify and distinguish.

We use several types of demographics:

Facility
Clinical / Medical Director
Patient
Policy holder (can be same as patient)
Insurance company

Did you know there are multiple types of depression? There are signs and causes, as well as a variety of treatments. Finding the right treatment and figuring out how to submit claims for insurance reimbursement can be quite complicated as well.

Understanding all the Types of Depression

Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feeling of sadness and a general loss of interest in things that would normally bring you some pleasure. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-V) gives some insights for understanding depression and according to the criteria, you may be having a depressive episode if you experience these episodes for at least a few weeks.

There are several classifications of depression. There is some distinction based on the cause of the type of depression and the signs and symptoms. Seven of these depression types are as follows

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Also known simply as major depression or clinical depression, this is indeed the classic form and most common type of depression.

To be diagnosed with major depression, you must have 5 or more of the following symptoms

Feelings of sadness
Feelings of worthlessness
Feeling “empty” and hopeless
Feelings of guilt
Irritability
Changes in appetite
Loss of energy and fatigue
Thoughts of suicide and death

There are two subtypes of major depressive disorder, namely atypical depression and melancholic depression. People with melancholic depression tend to ruminate over some guilt-ridden thoughts and have trouble sleeping. This subtype is common among seniors. On the other hand, atypical depression is more common among young adults. It presents with feelings of anxiety and irritability and people with atypical depression tend to sleep a lot.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)

Also known as dysthymic disorder or dysthymia, people with this type of depression have depression symptoms lasting for at least 2 years. A child or teen may be diagnosed with PDD if their symptoms last for a year or more.

While the low moods and other symptoms last longer, they are not as severe or as intense as with other types such as major depression. To be diagnosed with PDD, you must have two or more of the following symptoms

Sleep problems
Low energy and fatigue
Low self-esteem
Feelings of hopelessness
Change in appetite
Poor concentration
Difficulty making decisions

Major Depressive Disorder with Seasonal Pattern

Commonly known as seasonal depression, this type of depression was previously defined as seasonal affective disorder (SAD.) This is the recurring kind and common in the winter.

Experts have proposed that seasonal types of depression can be tied to the lack of natural sunlight. Symptoms usually last from early winter through to the spring time. Research has also pointed to an imbalance of serotonin and an overabundance of melatonin, which is the sleep hormone.

There is a less common type of seasonal depression referred to as summer-onset seasonal depression. As the name suggests, it occurs in the summer and spring.

This type of depression is diagnosed after at least two years of recurring symptoms. Symptoms of major depressive disorder with seasonal pattern are such as are common with other types of depression and include

Feelings of anxiety
Lack of energy and general fatigue
Increase in appetite and weight gain

Bipolar Disorder

This type of depression is also called bipolar depression or manic depression. People with bipolar depressive illness experience extreme mood fluctuations as well as their sleep patterns, energy and general behavior. You may feel hopeless and lethargic one day and bursting with energy and feeling euphoric the next.

You must experience at least one bout of mania to be diagnosed with bipolar disorder. For some, these extreme fluctuations can happen up to several times a week, and for others, it can be quite infrequently, such as once or twice a year.

A difference in severity of the manic symptoms is what distinguishes between bipolar 1 and bipolar 2 disorder. The mania is more severe in bipolar 1.

Psychotic Depression

Psychotic depression is characterized by symptoms of both depression and psychosis. People with this type of depression experience depressive episodes that are so severe that they experience psychotic symptoms.

To be diagnosed with psychotic depression you must have experienced a depressive disorder lasting for at least two weeks accompanied by psychotic symptoms, namely hallucinations and delusions. The content of these hallucinations and delusions are usually consistent with or involve depressive moods such as guilt.

Peripartum/Postpartum Depression

Pregnancy puts many women at an increased risk of depression. Depression during this time is often a combination of several factors.

Baby blues are quite common following birth as you adjust to a new baby. These blues are different from peripartum depression which lasts longer and has a profound impact on the relationship you will have with the new baby, spouse and other family members.

Symptoms of peripartum depression usually appear within a week to a month after delivery. Unlike the baby blues that usually go away without treatment, treatment is necessary for postpartum depression.

Symptoms include

Extreme moods ranging from anger and anxiety to hopelessness
Irritability
Crying
Restlessness
Fatigue
Change in appetite and weight
Lack of concentration
Rumination
Unwanted thoughts, including extremes such as how to self-harm or harm the baby
insomnia

Some women will experience depression throughout their pregnancy and not just after delivery. Perinatal depression is the inclusive term doctors use to describe depression that may occur during the pregnancy and after delivery.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

This disorder is the more severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and affects up to 10% of women who are of childbearing age. Symptoms of PMDD include irritability, anxiety and general sadness.

These symptoms may start to show after ovulation and throughout that window of time before menstruation starts.

Scientist believe that PMDD is as a result of abnormal sensitivity to the hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle.

Depression Causes and Risk Factors

There are several causes and risk factors for depression including the following

Brain Chemistry Imbalances

Neurotransmitters such as dopamine , norepinephrine and serotonin play a big role in mood regulation experts believe that imbalances in these brain chemicals can cause depression. Its therefore no surprise that some of the medications used to treat depression target restoring the balance in these levels of brain chemicals.

Physical Health and Medical Conditions

People suffering from a chronic illness are at a higher risk of experiencing symptoms. Conditions such as sleep disorders, cancer, multiple sclerosis are top among the list of medical conditions that are a risk factor for depression.

The toll of a physical health condition can also impact your mental health. Again, some illnesses such as thyroid disorders cause symptoms that are similar to those of depression.

Genetics and Family History

You are at a greater risk of developing depression if there is a history of depression and other mood disorders in your family. Family studies have shown the strong connection between depression and genetics. That being said, researches are yet to pinpoint the exact genes that affect and increase the risk of depression.

Risk Factors Related to Lifestyle

From poor nutrition to stress and substance use, there are several lifestyle choices that can put you at a greater risk of suffering from depression. While you may not be able to change other risk factors such as genetics and you have little control over brain chemistry, you have full control over these lifestyle choices that are a risk factor.

Are Depressed Brains Different?

The thalamus, amygdala and hippocampus are the main areas of the brain affected by depression.

Research has shown that a depressed brain has a smaller hippocampus. It gets smaller with every bout of depression. Experts believe that stress, which plays a huge role in depression causes this shrinkage by suppressing the production of new nerve cells in this part of the brain.

A depressed brain also has more activity in the amygdala. This is the part of the brain associated with emotions including pleasure and anger. It gets activated when someone has or recalls an emotional experience, such as the loss of a loved one.

Experts believe that people with depression have some of the functionality of the thalamus impaired. This is on account of impaired nerve cell growth in this brain region.

Which Type?

A diagnosis by a doctor is the sure way to tell which type of depression you have. Diagnosis may involve

A psychiatric evaluation done against the DSM-V criteria.
Physical examination and blood tests to rule out other medical conditions

Get in Touch

Treatment plans for depression involve psychotherapy and medication. Noticed the signs and symptoms of depression? contact us for a clinical diagnosis and effective treatment plan.

How to Bill Insurance with for Depression and Other Mental Health Diagnosis

Below are some of the more common F codes you would need to submit claims to insurance.

F41.1 – Generalized anxiety disorder
F43.23 – Adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood
F41.9 – Anxiety disorder, unspecified
F43.22 – Adjustment disorder with anxiety
F43.10 – Post-traumatic stress disorder, unspecified
F33.1 – Major depressive disorder, recurrent, moderate
F43.20 – Adjustment disorder, unspecified
Z63.0 – Problems in relationship with spouse or partner
F43.21 – Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
F34.1 – Dysthymic disorder
F32.9 – Major depressive disorder, single episode, unspecified
F90.9 – Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, unspecified type
F32.1 – Major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate
F90.0 – Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type
F41.0 – Panic disorder [episodic paroxysmal anxiety] without agoraphobia
F33.0 – Major depressive disorder, recurrent, mild
F33.2 – Major depressive disorder, recurrent severe without psychotic features
F43.25 – Adjustment disorder with mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct
F40.10 – Social phobia, unspecified
F42 – Obsessive-compulsive disorder

There are essentially four separate levels of care that a patient could be getting treated with any of these diagnosis. Residential/inpatient (RTC), Partial Hospitalization (PHP), Intensive Outpatient (IOP), and Routine Outpatient (ROP).

There are specific tasks to all of these in reference to getting insurance reimbursement through the entire authorization and claims submission process. Please reach out to 541-ASK-AXIS for questions on this.

UBH/Optum discontinuing Out of Network Benefits …and it doesn’t stop at behavioral health services…medical services might be equally affected.

As of July 1, 2021 UBH/Optum has notified some providers about changes to UBH/Optum plans that apparently include, among other changes, the decision to exclude members’ out-of-network benefits for services located outside of the member’s plan’s service area. Notably, a “Fully Insured” plan according to Optum is a plan wherein the insurer pays for the services and the member is not covered by a self-funded employer plan.. The change will apply to medical and behavioral health services. Keep in mind, services are already subject to prior authorization, and this will add one more barrier to a growing number of barriers to care.

The Notice specifically calls out behavioral health exclusions for non-emergent, sub-acute inpatient or outpatient services received at any of the following facilities:

• Alternate Care Facility – PHP or IOP

• Freestanding Facility – Psychiatric or Substance Use

• Residential Treatment Facility – Psychiatric or Substance Use

• Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility – Psychiatric or Substance Use

While the Notice appears to have been directed to in-network (“INN”) providers, the changes we shared above would not affect services provided by INN providers who evidently can continue to admit and treat members of Fully Insured plans regardless of geography. Indeed, the Notice specifically advises INN providers that they may be asked to accept Optum members who are currently at out-of-netowork (“OON”) facilities that will no longer be covered at those facilities once this change in coverage goes into effect.

optum out of network benefits — This Optum decision could lead the way for other carriers to force providers to go in-network

Despite Optum’s couching this change in policy as a “quality and cost-share” issue, it seems more likely to be strictly a cost-cutting measure, particularly given that the change applies only to Fully Insured plans where Optum is “on the hook” for the cost of care, but not to self-funded employer-plans where Optum’s role is only to serve as an administrator of claims that ultimately are paid by the self-funded plans themselves.

Sounds convenient, doesn’t it? It also sounds like a barrier to much needed care.

As for providers, especially in the behavioral health space, they typically are either unable to secure contracts with payors like Optum despite efforts to do so, or they opt to stay out-of network because they do not want to accept the lower reimbursement rates demanded by the major payors when contracting to be an INN provider.

We fear that Optum’s new policy is a violation of Mental Health Parity laws. While on its face the Notice appears to apply to both medical and behavioral care, in practice, there likely will be a disproportionate impact against behavioral health providers, especially residential treatment centers (“RTC’s”).

Here’s what the Supreme Court’s ACA Ruling Means for Addiction Treatment Centers

On 17th June 2021, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), dismissing the challenge that the ACA is unconstitutional.

Since it was signed into law, the ACA, widely known as the health reform law or Obamacare, has allowed nearly 31 million Americans to access healthcare coverage.

Besides banning insurers from basing health coverage on people’s pre-existing conditions, the law prohibited insurance providers from imposing lifetime or annual caps on benefits while also placing limits on yearly out-of-pocket spending.

One of the greatly felt impacts brought about by Obamacare is the comprehensive healthcare plans, which allows people with mental health conditions and substance abuse disorders to access healthcare coverage just like other people.

Over the last four years, some changes have been made to the health care reform law, but the new administration is now reversing some of them.

To help you understand the impact that the Supreme Court ruling has on addiction treatment centers, I’ve covered everything from ACA’s impact on substance abuse to billing and reimbursement requirements for addiction treatment centers.

Knowing that their policies will cover the need for this higher level of care and future care is critical for all who need mental health services. Taking away any stigma with any mental health disease is important knowing that some if not all of the cost can be shared by the insurance policy they pay for monthly.

As well as knowing the fact the SCOTUS has upheld Obamacare time and time again shows how important the issue is and will be going into the future for more families and individuals who suffer from the mental health dilema day in and day out

Additionally, we shall see the potential impact this ruling has on the demand for treatment of behavioral health conditions and whether or not it will influence reimbursement rates for behavioral health.

This is the 3rd and 4th attempt to strike down the law which provides coverage for this dire need of insurance coverage for many of the millions of Americans who are stricken with mental health issues.

As time goes on the insurance industry will adapt and find a usual and customary reimbursement rate for providers and insurance policy holders alike but know that this mandated coverage has been deemed worthy and constitutional by the supreme court of law.

Earlier Changes Made to ACA

Since its implementation in March 2010, The Affordable Care Act had survived two earlier Supreme Court challenges. However, the law has also seen several changes during the last administration. Below is an overview of some of the biggest amendments made.

Elimination of the Individual Mandate

When ACA was passed into law, all US residents were required to have health insurance or pay a given penalty. This mandate was designed to have everyone, including the more healthy people to enter the health insurance market. Similarly, it helped keep the ACA premium policies low. A 2017 tax overhaul legislation reduced the penalty for not having a health plan to $0. In December 2018, following the tax overhaul, a Texas federal judge ruled that the $ 0 penalty, by law, is no longer a tax, but a command, hence declaring the whole ACA unconstitutional. The case then moved to Supreme Court, and a ruling was made in favor of the ACA on 17th June 2021.

Work Requirements Added to Medicaid

After the ACA Medicaid expansion was adopted, the federal government required states to have Medicaid beneficiaries prove that they either go to school or work. This change was highly politicized, and hundreds of thousands of Americans, including those with substance abuse disorders, were expected to lose their healthcare coverage.

The Ending of Cost-Sharing Reduction Subsidies to Insurance Providers

In 2017, the federal government stopped paying subsidies to insurers, which was seen as a critical element in motivating these companies to keep premiums down. This change disproportionately affected individuals and families who are not eligible for subsidies.

Expansion of Short-Term Plans

Under the initial ACA, short-term insurance that didn’t provide essential benefits was limited to not more than three months. However, in 2019, the federal government extended this duration to 364 days with the option to renew for three years. Since these health care plans are non-comprehensive, they do not fully protect individuals in severe health conditions.

Slashed Budgets for HealthCare.gov Sign-Ups

Initially, the ACA had navigator programs with allocated budgets to help drive the healthcare sign-up campaigns. In 2017, these budgets were slashed, and the net impact was slowed and depressed enrollment. In the following year, the uninsured rates for US residents rose to 8.5% or 27.5 million people (the highest since the ACA went into effect) not having any healthcare plan at any point in 2018. This translated to more people, including those with pre-existing conditions not accessing medical care.

The Impact That ACA Has on Substance Abuse Treatment

The Affordable Care Act made it possible for people with pre-existing conditions such as drug and alcohol addiction to be accepted by insurance providers. At the same time, the 2008 Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA) mandated all insurers to offer the same level of coverage for substance abuse and mental health treatment as for regular medical care.

Now that the Supreme Court has spared ACA, patients receiving alcohol and drug recovery treatments have been relieved of the stress of covering all the rehab costs. Moving forward, rehab patients will continue to benefit from the covered rehab expenses. That said, here are the four ways ACA will continue to keep inpatient and outpatient rehab treatment costs affordable.

Drug and Alcohol Addiction Treatment Remains a Priority: The ACA considers substance abuse disorders as one of the ten elements of essential health benefits. That means Medicaid and other forms of healthcare coverage sold via Health insurance Exchanges should cover services for substance abuse.
Greater Access to Healthcare: More people will continue to sign up and access medical coverage through the expansion of Medicaid and other low-cost insurance plans. Similarly, states accepting federal aid allocated by the ACA will expand Medicaid coverage to individuals and families living below and slightly above the pre-determined federal poverty line.
Young Adults Will Remain on Parent’s Health Plan: Individuals up to the age of 26 will continue to receive coverage under their parent’s health insurance coverage. According to a SAMHSA survey, nearly 7% of young adults in the US between 18 and 25 have a substance disorder. By extrapolation, more young adults will continue to benefit from covered rehab expenses under the ACA.
Free Screenings and Referrals: If the ACA were ruled unconstitutional, patients with Medicare, Medicaid, or plans under the Health Insurance Marketplaces would have been charged for mental health and alcohol screenings. Now that the law is intact, these services come with no cost for insured individuals.

Billing and Reimbursement for Behavioral Health Service Providers

Now that you know everything about the Affordable Care Act, from the changes made to what to expect moving forward, let’s look at the other side of the ACA – i.e., what it takes for behavioral health service providers to be reimbursed by insurance companies.

Typically, there are four service categories that insurers may consider for reimbursements. These include:

Hospital-Based and Residential Inpatient Care

Hospital-based care and residential programs, widely known as RTC, are acute and sub-acute recovery centers offering nursing care, medical monitoring, and behavioral-health services 24/7. Services provided by these programs are reimbursed on a standardized per-diem basis. Here, the per-diem rate includes all services offered in the program from the accommodation, lab fee, therapies, services of licensed professionals and counselors, dietitians, psychiatric nurses, etc.

Partial Hospital Programs (PHP)

Here, services are offered in an ambulatory setting and require a minimum of 20 hours per week. Billing is done per diem basis, and reimbursement is made on the lesser charges, including services from social workers, addiction counselors, occupational therapists, addiction counselors, etc.

Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOP)

These programs provide patients with behavioral health services for 9 to 19 hours per week for adults and at least 6 hours for children and adolescents. Billing for IOP is cumbersome compared to hospital-based and inpatient programs; hence, it’s challenging to get reimbursement.

Services offered by IOP include family, group, and individual psychotherapy, medical monitoring, and psycho-education. To be eligible for reimbursement, IOP providers must:

Supervise the patient at all times.
Adhere and be consistent with the initial treatment plan
Address the diagnosis that required admission.
Provide enough IOP care to patients for about 12 to 16 weeks.
Be consistent with clinical best practices.

Other Key Takeaways

Due to the Supreme Court ruling, enrollment for healthcare plans will probably rise, and more people with substance abuse disorders will be seeking specialized treatments. It’s therefore fair to conclude that to a given extent, the demand for treatment services for behavioral health conditions will increase.

As far as reimbursement is concerned, the current rates are significantly lower than those for other medical and surgical treatments, and this has led to a lower network of behavioral health providers participating in healthcare plans. If this were to be resolved, health plans would need to raise reimbursement rates. But even then, it would be very costly to try and level up with what behavioral health providers charge patients who pay out-of-pocket. And while there are no official plans to raise reimbursements yet, efforts to boost these rates will be highly beneficial.

Last but not least, addiction treatment centers that accept Obamacare, Medicare, and Medicaid plans should prepare to help more patients access quality care. They should also keep up with the CMS billing requirements to ensure compliance and minimize delays of reimbursements which could otherwise hurt service delivery.